英文作文：請根據說明寫一篇約300 字的英文作文（40 分） Background: In many developed and developing coun…

題目

英文作文：請根據說明寫一篇約300 字的英文作文（40 分） Background: In many developed and developing countries, life expectancy is increasing while birth rates are declining. This demographic shift means a growing percentage of the population is over the age of 65, while the working-age population is shrinking. As a result, fewer workers are supporting more retirees through taxes, pensions, and healthcare systems. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement？Governments should raise the retirement age to address the economic challenges of an aging population. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

參考解答（AI 生成，非官方）

• Governments should raise the retirement age to address the economic challenges of an aging population, but only if the change is gradual and accompanied by supportive labor policies. I agree with the statement because longer life expectancy, labor shortages, and the fiscal burden of pensions make the traditional retirement age increasingly unsustainable. With fertility rates falling, the ratio of workers to retirees is shrinking, putting pressure on public budgets.
• First, people are living and staying healthy longer than previous generations. In many developed countries, a person who retires at 65 may spend two decades or more in retirement, while the number of taxpayers supporting each pensioner continues to fall. Raising the retirement age modestly, for example by one or two years over a decade, would keep experienced workers in the labor force and reduce pressure on pension funds without abruptly cutting benefits. This would also preserve tax revenue and consumer demand.
• Second, many economies face labor shortages as birth rates decline. Older workers often possess skills, institutional knowledge, and professional networks that cannot be replaced quickly. Countries such as Japan and Germany have encouraged later retirement and flexible work arrangements, allowing older employees to work part-time or mentor younger staff. Such policies can ease labor-market gaps while giving workers more choice about how and when to retire. This not only keeps them financially independent but also transfers valuable experience to younger colleagues.
• However, raising the retirement age alone is not enough. Governments must also improve retraining, occupational health, and protections for workers in physically demanding jobs, who may not be able to work longer. A phased, flexible approach—combined with incentives for employers to hire older workers—would make the policy fair and effective. For these reasons, I believe raising the retirement age is a necessary but not sufficient response to population aging.

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官方資料

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