一、貿易函電與簽約 (本題共2 大題,合計 30分)
(一)請將下列短交譯成英交 GB 小題,每小題 5分 > Gat 15分)
1. 很遺憾通知您,四月五日寄給我們的貨少了三箱。請立即調
查 °
2. 如您從目錄所見,我們提供各式各樣的產品,設計優美、經
久耐磨、簡單易用、並且全面保固一年。
3. 我們於五月二日向您訂購 100 台自行車,原訂六月底前交
貨,但至今尚未收到,我們別無選擇只有取消訂單。
(Rae (本題 15 分)
以下為 Bob Huntington 先生8月 20 日寫給華毯公司的信。請
協助業務經理 Janet Wang 回函。因之前對方從未與華午做過生
意,冒然答應他的請求可能會有風險。請婉轉要求對方,提供
往來商號或銀行的名稱資料以供查詢。一旦得到滿意的徵信和結
果,即會寄給他貨品試賣。請注意寫信的語氣,避兔在保護自
己的同時,冒犯了潛在的客戶,同時信示展現誠意 ,表達欲開
襄雙方長期合作的意願。
Dear Sir/Madam,
A number of our customers have recently expressed an interest in your rugs and
have inquired about their quality.
There is an increasing demand in this country for fine handmade rugs. If your
prices are competitive and the quality comes up to our expectations, your goods
will find a ready market here. Before placing a firm order, however, we would be
obliged if you would send us on 14 days' approval a selection of oriental rugs. Any
of the items unsold at the end of this period and which we decide not to keep as
stock would be returned at our expense.
We look forward to hearing from you soon.
Sincerely,
Bob Huntington
100 國貿業務
已 Fo) SS PS PE
ACRE AE flr SHEN ieee
參考解答
- 短文英譯 1：We regret to inform you that the goods shipped to us on April 5 were short by three cases. Please investigate this matter immediately.
- 短文英譯 2：As you can see from our catalogue, we offer a wide range of products that are attractive in design, durable, easy to use and fully guaranteed for one year.
- 短文英譯 3：We ordered 100 bicycles from you on May 2 for delivery by the end of June, but we have not yet received them. We therefore have no choice but to cancel the order.
- 貿易信函 Subject：Credit Reference
- 貿易信函稱呼：Dear Mr. Huntington,
- 貿易信函第1段：Thank you for your interest in our goods. As this is our first transaction, we would appreciate receiving trade or bank references.
- 貿易信函第2段：Once satisfactory references are obtained, we will be pleased to send the goods on approval or proceed with the proposed business.
- 貿易信函第3段：We hope you will understand that this request is a normal precaution and look forward to developing a long-term business relationship with you.
- 貿易信函結尾：Yours sincerely,
第3題
三、貿易單據審改 (本題共 10 小題,每小題2分,合計 20分)
請根據所附之信用狀,審核匯票、商業發票、包裝單、提單及保險單之編號
0@o@@-..內容,並將錯誤之編號及正確答案依序寫在答案紙,兩者皆正確才了予
計分。
THE BANK OF NEW YORK, TAIPEI.
11JAN.28 16 : 37: 06 2 & INCOMING MSG* * R21C
MT 700 ISSUE OF A DOCUMENTARY CREDIT Page 0001
FuncLA005P
UMR 23705602
MSGACK DWS765I Auth OK
Basic Header F 01 IRVITWTPXXX 9533 587338
Application Header 0 700 1636 080828 HSBCTWTPOBU 2921 121983 11JAN.28 1636N
+ THE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION LIMITED
HONG KONG
User Header Service Code 103 :
Bank. Priority 113:
Msg User Ref. 108 : CHIBDE4EMG3Q0000
Sequence of Total *27 1/1
Form ofDoc. Credit *40A IRREVOCABLE
Doc. Credit Number *20 = LC2031456
Date of Issue 31C 110128
Applicable Rules *40E UCP LATEST VERSION
Expiry *31D DATE 110510 PLACE TAIWAN
Applicant *50 FAMOUSCITY TRADING CO., LTD.
UNIT 613, LAKESIDE 2, EAST WING, NO. 10 SCIENCE PARK.
SOUTH AVENUE , HK SCIENCE PARK PHASE IL, SHATIN,
N.T., HONG KONG
Beneficiary *59 SONG YING CO., LTD.
NO.43, SEC.2, HUANSHAN RD., NEJHU DIST., TAIPEI 114
TAIWAN(R.O.C.)
Amount *32B : CURRENCY USD AMOUNT 62,598.95
Pos. / Neg. Tol.(%) 39A 25/5
Available with/by *41D : ANY BANK BY NEGOTIATION
Drafts at..... *42C : AT 60 DAYS FROM B/L DATE FOR FULL INVOICE VALUE
Drawee 42D ISSUING BANK
Partial Shipments 43P : ALLOWED
Transhipment 43T : NOT ALLOWED
Port of Loading 44E : TAIWAN
Port of Discharge 44 F : HONG KONG
業務乙級 6-2
Descript. of Goods 45A: 55 PCT POLYESTER 45 PCT NYLON WOVEN FABRIC
(1) P.O. NO.:2468-123-115
ARTICLE NO.: G2188NT
COLOR: DK BLUE — -1990 YARDS AT USD 4.30 PER YARD
GREEN -2430 YARDS AT USD 4.30 PER YARD
KHAKI -1054 YARDS AT USD 4.30 PER YARD
LT YELLOW -1590 YARDS AT USD 4.30 PER YARD
LATEST SHIPMENT DATE : FEB. 5, 2011
(2) P.O. NO.:2470-123-382
ARTICLE NO.: G2188NT
COLOR: DK BLUE — -2102 YARDS AT USD 3.25 PER YARD
GREEN -3312 YARDS AT USD 3.25 PER YARD
KHAKI -1205 YARDS AT USD 3.25 PER YARD
LT BLACK -2416 YARDS AT USD 3.25 PER YARD
RED -880 YARDS AT USD 3.25 PER YARD
LATEST SHIPMENT DATE : MAR. 3, 2011
ALL CIF HONG KONG INCOTERMS 2010
Documents Required 46A:
1, FULL SET OF CLEAN ON BOARD BILLS OF LADING MADE OUT TO
OUR ORDER SHOWING THE OPENER AS NOTIFY PARTY WITH FULL
ADDRESS MENTIONING THIS L/C NO. AND DATE EVIDENCING
CURRENT SHIPMENT OF MERCHANDISE STATED ABOVE INDICATING
TOTAL GROSS, TARE AND NET WEIGHT. MARKED “FREIGHT
PREPAID” .
2. SIGNED COMMERCIAL INVOICE IN TRIPLICATE INDICATING THE L/C
NO., DATE, COUNTRY OF ORIGIN OF GOODS AND IMPORTERS CODE
NO.0388018810.
3. PACKING LIST IN DUPLICATE.
4, MARINE INSURANCE POLICIES OR CERTIFICATES ISSUED IN
DUPLICATE IN ASSIGNABLE FORM AND ENDORSED IN BLANK FOR
120 PCT OF INVOICE VALUE WITH CLAIMS PAYABLE AT DESTINATION
IN CURRENCY OF DRAFT COVERING INSTITUTE CARGO CLAUSES
(A), INSTITUTE WAR CLAUSES (CARGO), INSTITUTE STRIKES
CLAUSES (CARGO).
Additional Cond. 4TA:
1, ARTICLE 20C OF UCP600 TO BE EXCLUDED IN THIS CREDIT.
2. CHARGES INCURRED IN RESPECT OF ANY TELEGRAPHIC TRANSFER
AND PAYMENT ADVICE BY SWIFT/TELEX ARE FOR ACCOUNT OF
BENEFICIARY.
100 國貿業務
3. AHANDLING COMMISSION OF USD50.00 OR EQUIVALENT, PLUS
TELEX CHARGES, IF ANY, WILL BE DEDUCTED FROM THE PROCEEDS
FOR EACH SET OF DOCUMENTS WITH DISCREPANCIES PRESENTED
UNDER THIS LETTER OF CREDIT. THIS STATEMENT IS NOT TO BE
CONSTRUED TO MEAN THAT DOCUMENTS WITH DISCREPANCIES
WILL BE HONOURED BY US IN THE EVENT OF OUR PAYMENT
DESPITE DISCREPANCIES, IT MUST NOT BE CONSTRUED AS WAIVER
OF SIMILAR DISCREPANCIES ON FUTURE DRAWINGS.
4. 5 PCT MORE OR LESS IN QUANTITY OF EACH COLOR PER ITEM OF
GOODS ACCEPTABLE.
5. PURCHASE ORDER NUMBER MUST APPEAR ON INOVICE AND
PACKING LIST.
6. THIRD PARTY DOCUMENTS ARE NOT ACCEPTABLE.
7. THE NUMBER AND DATE OF THE CREDIT AND THE NAME OF OUR
BANK MUST BE QUOTED ON ALL DRAFTS.
Details of Charges 71B: ALL BANKING CHARGES OUTSIDE HONG KONG ARE FOR
ACCOUNT OF BENEFICIARY
Period for Presentation 4g : ALLDOCUMENTS MUST BE PRESENTED WITHIN 10 DAYS
AFTER DATE OF SHIPMENT BUT WITHIN CREDIT
VALIDITY.
Confirmation Instruction 49 : WITHOUT
Instructions 78
1. PLS FORWARD THE WHOLE SET OF DOCUMENTS IN ONE LOT TO OUR
BILLS PROCESSING CENTRE (KOWLOON) AT 2/F., 666 NATHAN
ROAD, KOWLOON, HONG KONG VIA COURIER SERVICE AT
BENEFICIARY’S EXPENSES.
2. IN REIMBURSEMENT, WE SHALL REMIT PROCEEDS IN ACCORDANCE
WITH YOUR INSTRUCTIONS UPON RECEIPT OF COMPLIED
DOCUMENTS.
3. WE HEREBY ENGAGE WITH THE DRAWERS, ENDORSERS AND BONA
FIDE HOLDERS THAT DRAFTS DRAWN AND NEGOTIATED IN
COMPLIANCE WITH THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS CREDIT
WILL BE DULY HONOURED ON PRESENTATION.
4. THE AMOUNT OF ANY DRAFT DRAWN UNDER THIS CREDIT IS TO BE
ENDORSED ON THE REVERSE HEREOF BY THE NEGOTIATING BANK.
Trailer Order is <MAC : > <PAC: > <ENC : ><CHK: ><TNG: ><PDE: >
CHK : 17FDOEC068A0
MAC : 00000000
業務乙級 6-3
BILL OF EXCHANGE
Draft No. 123
Exchange For. x TAIPEI, TAIWAN MARCH 3, 2011
At @_60 DAYS FROM B/L DATE _ sight of this FIRST of Exchange (Second the same tenor and
date being unpaid) Pay to the order of | HUANAN COMMERCIAL BANK, LTD.
The sum of @U.S. DOLLARS SIXTY TWO THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED NINETY-EIGHT
AND CENTS NINETY-FIVE ONLY. value received
Drawn under Letter of Credit No. @LC2031456 Dated @JANUARY 28, 2011
Issued by @®_THE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION LIMITED
HONG KONG
TO @_THEHONGKONG AND SHANGHAI
BANKING CORPORATION LIMITED. XxX
HONG KONG
100 國貿業務
SONG YING CO.,LTD.
No.43, Sec.2, Huanshan Rd.
Neihu Dist., Taipei 114
Taiwan(R.O.C.)
Tel:(02)2658-5801
Fax:(02)2658-2507
INVOICE
No. 123 Date: MARCH 3, 2011
Invoice of ©@ 15 CARTONS OF 55 PCT POLYESTER 45 PCT NYLON WOVEN FABRIC
For account and risk of Messrs FAMOUSCITY TRADING CO.,LTD.UNIT 613, LAKESIDE 2,
EAST WING, NO. 10 SCIENCE PARK SOUTH AVENUE , HK SCIENCE PARK PHASE II,
SHATIN, N.T., HONG KONG
Shipped by SONG YING CO., LTD. Shipped Per S.S. @ SHIN CHUN V.S517E
Sailing on orabout MARCH3,2011
Shipment From x To x via
LIC No. LC2031456 Contract No. x
Marks & Nos. Amount
® @ @ CIFHONG KONG
FT 55 PCT POLYESTER 45PCT
HONG KONG INYLON WOVEN FABRIC
C/NO:1-15 (2) P.O.NO. :2470-123-382
MADE IN TAIWAN |ARTICLE NO. : G2188NT ®
COLOR: DK BLUE 2,040.00YDS USD 3.25
GREEN 3,245.00YDS USD 3.25 x
KHAKI 1,230.00YDS USD 3.25
LT BLACK 2,270.00YDS USD 3.25
RED 880.00YDS USD 3.25
x USD31,833.75
VWVVVVVVVVVV VVVVVVVVVVVV
SAY TOTAL U.S. DOLLARS x ONLY.
DRAWN UNDER : SHANGHAI COMMERCIAL BANK LIMITED HONG KONG
L/C NO.LC2031456 L/C DATE JAN. 28, 2011
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN OF GOODS TAIWAN
SONG YING GO., LTD.
Tony Lin
FAS ZAR 6-4
SONG YING CO.,LTD.
No.43, Sec.2, Huanshan Rd.
Neihu Dist., Taipei 114
Taiwan(R.O.C.)
Tel:(02)2658-5801
Fax:(02)2658-2507
PACKING LIST
No. 123 Date: MARCH 3, 2011
PACKING LIST OF _15 CARTONS OF 55 PCT POLYESTER _ MARKS & NOS.
45 PCT NYLON WOVEN FABRIC
For account and risk of Messrs x FT
Shipped by SONG YING CO., LTD. HONG KONG
Shipped Per S.S. x C/NO:1-15
Sailing on or about _ MARCH 3, 2011 MADE IN TAIWAN
Shipment From _ @ KEELUNGTAIWAN
To —_@ HONGKONG
Packing No. Measurement
55 PCT POLYESTER 45 PCT
INYLON WOVEN FABRIC
(2) P.O. NO. : 2470-123-382
ARTICLE NO. : G2188NT
1-3 COLOR: DK BLUE
4-6 GREEN
7-8 KHAKI x x x x
9-11 LT BLACK
12-15 RED
15 CINS x 1126.60KGS| 1170.60KGS x
VVVVVVVV VVVVVVVVVV! VVVVVVVVVV | VVVVVVVVVV
SAY TOTAL FIFTEEN(15) CTNS ONLY.
® SONG YING CO., LTD.
Tony Lin
100 國貿業務
SONG YING CO., LTD.
U S/O No.7724
NO.43, SEC.2, HUANSHAN RD., NEIHU °
DIST., TAIPEI 114, TAIWAN(R.O.C.
Consignee BILL OF LADING
@® TO OUR ORDER
Notify party (Complete and address) PANDA LOGISTICS CO., LTD.
@ THE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING 萬達國際物流股份有限公司
CORPORATION LIMITED HONG KONG
Pre-carriage by Place of Receipt
KEELUNG, TAIWAN
‘Ocean Vessel Voy. No. |Port of Loading
SHIN CHUN S517E |@)KEELUNG, TAIWAN
[Port of Discharge Place of Delivery
HONG KONG HONG KONG
Marks & Numbers |Number of Description of goods Gross weight Measurement
packages Kgs MS
55 PCT POLYESTER 45 PCT
NYLON WOVEN FABRIC @
P.O.NO. :2470-123-382 1,170.60KGS 3
* 15 CINS ARTICLE NO. : G2188NT-GPU 4.575M
VVVVVVVV :
Net weight
@ L/C NO. LC2031456 1,126.60KGS
DATED JANUARY 28, 2011
SAY TOTAL : FIFTEEN(15) CNS ONLY.
@ “FREIGHT PREPAID”
CFS-CFS ORIGINAL
ee 瑟二半點2還加
TOTAL
‘Type of
CY = |LCY 1.ORD Freight prepaid at —_|Freight payable at Place and date of issue
2.CFS |2.CFS 2.REEF | TAIPEI
3.DOOR|3.DOOR |3.DANG |Bx. Rate Number of original B(sVL
PANDA LOGISTICS CO., LTD.
® ONE(1)
WH Date Laden on board the vessel
@ ; By
Bi. MARCH 3, 2011 Signature AS CARRIER
LIST 6-5
泰世紀產物保險股份有限公司
Cathay Century Insurance Co., Ltd.
財政部核發營業執照號碼: 台係字第 015 號
HEAD OFFICE: 125CHIE KUO SOUTH ROAD, SEC.2, TAIPEI, TAIWAN, R.O.C.
TELEPHONE: 90202706-7890 FAX: :(02)2755-1299
MARINE CARGO POLICY ORIGINAL
POLICY NO. 123456789 ASSURED @ FAMOUSCITY TRADING CO.,LTD.
CLAIM, IF ANY, PAYABLE AT/IN
@ HONG KONG IN USD
INVOICE NO. 123
CLAIM AGENT: AMOUNT INSURED USD75,1188.74
NEAREST LLOYD'S AGENT U.S. DOLLARS SEVENTY-FIVE THOUSAND ONE HUNDRED
EIGHTEEN AND CENTS SEVENTY-FOUR ONLY.
WHEN PRESENTING CLAIM ALL OF
UMEN SHIP OR VESSEL
snout: SiN OR TS SHIN CHUN V.S517E SAILING ON/OR ABOUT MARCH 3,2011
TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH. FROM KEELUNGTAIWAN TO HONG KONG
SUBJECT-MATTER INSURED (WARRANTED ALL BRAND-NEW UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED)
15 CARTONS OF 55 PCT POLYESTER 45 PCT NYLON WOVEN FABRIC
CONDITIONS
SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING CLAUSES AS ATTACHED HERETO
Institute Radioactive Contamination Exclusion Clause
Computer Millennium Clause (cargo)
-With Named Peril Extension (JC 98/024)
Termination of Transit Clause (Terrorism)
Institute Classification Clause
ae ISM Endorsement
INSTITUTE CARGO CLAUSES (A)
INSTITUTE WAR CLAUSES (CARGO)
INSTITUTE STRIKES CLAUSES(CARGO)
Marks and Numbers as per INVOICE NO. specified above. Valued at the same AMOUNT INSURED
SIGNED IN TAIPEI ON 6) MARCH3, 2011 NUMBERS OF POLICES ISSUED IN DUPLICATE
INSTITUTE REPLACEMENT CLAUSE(APPLYING This insurance does not cover any loss or damage to
TO MACHINERY). In the event of loss of or damage to the property which at the time of the happening of such
any part or parts of an insured machine caused by a loss or damage is insured by or would but for the
peril covered by the Policy, the sum recoverable shall _ existence of the Policy be insured by any fire or other
not exceed the cost of replacement or repair of such part insurance policy or policies except in respect of any
or parts plus charges for forwarding and refitting, if excess beyond the amount which would have been
incurred, but excluding duty unless the full duty is payable under the fire or other insurance policy or
included in the amount insured, in which case loss, if __ policies had this insurance not been effected.
any, sustained by payment of additional duty shall also
be recoverable, ‘Notwithstanding anything contained herein or attached hereto to the
CO-INSURANCE CLAUSE country. This insurance is understood and agreed to be subject to English
(applicable in case of Co-Insurance) law and practice only as to liability for and settlement of any and all claims.
Cacti iene Ga, Lid. on tehal of the oniowwanes ake Hable ee We, Cathay Century Insurance Co, Lid, hereby agree in consideration
their respective subscription specified in this Policy. ” of the payment to us by or on behalf of the Assured of the Premium as
arranged to insure against loss damage liability or expense to the extent and
shipment, in the manner herein provided,
dare no cle shall ba ed lene irmedits notice wert or itt witness whereof, I the undersigned of Cathay Century Insurance Co.,
damage hes been given to end a Survey Report obtained fom this Lic, on behalf ofthe said Company have subscribed My Name in the place
c r= Office or Agents specified in this Policy. specified as above to the policies, the issued numbers thereof being
‘ompany’s Office or Agents specifi ey. specified as above, of the same tenor and date, one of which being
‘accomplished, the others to be void, as of the date specified as above.
in case of loss or damage, please refer to the IMPORTANT” clause printed lpor CATHAY CENTURY INSURANCE CO., LTD.
on the attached hereto and please observe in compliance therewith.
100 國貿業務
四、貿易個案分析 (本題共4大題,合計 40 4)
請回答下列各問題,並將適當答案寫在答案紙。
(一)某進口商向英國 KA 公司併櫃進口 100 公噸羊毛及 500 箱純毛內衣,以
即期信用狀付款,投保 ICC(A)款險。進口商於付款贖單後,憑清潔提單
向運送人提貨複驗後發現下進三種情況 :
(1)羊毛經抽驗後發現公量未達標準。
(2)純毛內衣實收 498 箱,短缺 2箱。
(3)5 箱純毛內衣外包裝有被海水浸濕的明顯跡象,箱內貨物也有受潮的
現象。
請問:
1.何謂公量 (Conditioned Weight) ? (2分)
2.上述三種情況,進口商應向何方提出索賠?除了保險單、提單、商業發票及裝箱單
外,倉需提供何種必要單據? (6分)
(二)試分析以下新國貿條規 INCOTERMS 2010 之修正規則。
1.INCOTERMS 2010 新增哪兩種貿易條件及其相關修正內容? (6分)
2.String Sale 通常發生於何種交易情況 ? INCOTERMS 2010 對此如何規
範裝貨義務? (45h)
3.INCOTERMS 2010 FOB貿易條件之風險移轉點為何 ? 相較於INCOTERMS
2000其改變原因? (4分)
(三)買賣雙方於 3 ACSI AWRY > BARI CIF KEELUNG
INCOTERMS 2010, 付款方式為不可撤銷信用狀,5 月交貨。4 AISA
開狀銀行根據買方指示開出不可撒銷信用狀,委託馬賽的一家法國銀行
通知並讓購該信用狀。5 月 20 日,賣方將貨物裝船後備魏單據向該法國
銀行辦理押匯,經審單無誤後取得款項。但載貨船舶卻於離開馬賽港 7
天後,在航行途中遇上特大暴風雨和暗礁,使得船貨全部沉入大海。此
時開狀銀行已收到押匯銀行寄來全套單據,買方也已得知所購貨物全部
滅失的消息。開狀銀行擬拒付押匯銀行貨款,理由是其客戶不能得到所
期待的貨物。
根據國際慣例,請問:
1.該批貨物的損失由何方負擔? 理由為何? (2分)
2.開狀銀行可否因該貨物全部滅失而免除其所承擔的付款義務? 理由為
何? (4分)
3.何謂實際全損? 推定全損?在此個案情境中,貨物損失是屬於何種全
損? (647)
(四)賣方向買方發出報價單,該報價單上列載該批貨物奈米碳纖維網球拍之
相關數量、價格、交貨與保險等必要條件,除了這些必要條件外,另含
包裝條件,包裝條件表明網球拍除了原有拍袋外,另以膠盒包裝,買方
收到報價單後隨即回覆確認,表示:! 願意接受報價單所列條件,但以新
製膠盒包裝該批球拍 」。不料貨物運送途中,買方來電:「我方已於報價
回覆電紗中變更包裝條件,因此該交易未成立,請取消該筆交易之洽談
與履行。」,而賣方否認該交易未成立,買賣雙方因此發生貿易糾紛。
請依據 CISG 之規定,就下列問題說明原因。
1.依此個案人情況,買方之回覆確認內容是否構成反要約 ? (2分》
2.請說明使該筆交易成立與不成立之情況? (4分》
業務乙級 6-6
初複
分分國貿業務乙級技術士技能
= : 初複
= |. ROA RRMESEES HY (本題共2 大題,合計30分)
| (一)請將下列短交譯成英交 G NEL NES D> ABT ISD)
a
° ! 1. 很遺俺通知您,四月五日寄給我們的貨少了三箱。請立
圖 | 即調查。
和 1
= 眉
生
2. 如您從目錄所見,我們提供各式各樣的產品,設計優
: 美、經久耐磨、簡單易用、並且全面保固一年。
ww 4
co H
.|t
i ali
He
a. e858 3. 我們於五月二日向您訂購 100 台自行車,原訂六月底
meskes BUZE SS (LES AA CH > RA ARSE I ET
Ke | |
EET |
1 ime}
100 國貿業務
C] 缺考 (L) 違規
能檢定
參考解答
- ① 公量(Conditioned Weight)是將羊毛等吸濕性貨物按標準含水率折算後的重量，作為計價或交貨重量。
- ② 公量不足屬數量/品質契約問題，向賣方索賠；內衣短少可視提單與交貨情形向承運人或賣方索賠；海水浸濕受潮可向保險公司並保留對承運人追償。
- ③ 除保險單、提單、商業發票、裝箱單外，通常須提供公證報告、檢驗報告、短卸證明或事故證明。
- ④ Incoterms 2010 新增 DAT、DAP，取代 DAF/DES/DEQ/DDU 等；FOB 風險點由越過船舷改為貨物裝上船。
- ⑤ CIF 信用狀交易下，貨物海上全損由買方承擔並向保險人求償；開狀銀行不得因貨物滅失拒付相符單據。
- ⑥ 實際全損是標的完全滅失或喪失性質；推定全損是救助/修復成本超過保險價值或已不可合理避免全損。本案船貨沉沒屬實際全損。