民國112年 高考三級 新聞(選試英文) 新聞英文考古題

民國112年 高考三級 新聞(選試英文) 新聞英文收錄考選部官方試題，共 3 題可線上瀏覽，考選部未公告本科目答案。

官方資料

題目與答案

第1題

For each of the following, briefly describe in English what you know about the person, concept, country, or device. （每小題5分，共30分） Elon Musk Papua New Guinea 3D printing Volodymyr Zelenskyy ozone layer hurricane

參考解答（AI 生成，非官方）

  • 一、Elon Musk is a South African-born American entrepreneur and one of the world's wealthiest people. He co-founded PayPal and is best known as CEO of Tesla, the electric-vehicle maker, and founder of SpaceX, which develops reusable rockets and the Starlink satellite network. He also owns the social media platform X, formerly Twitter, and leads Neuralink and The Boring Company. Musk is admired for pushing technological boundaries but criticized for provocative remarks and his management style.
  • 二、Papua New Guinea is an independent country in the southwestern Pacific, occupying the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and hundreds of nearby islands. Its capital is Port Moresby. It is one of the world's most linguistically and culturally diverse countries, with more than 800 languages. The economy depends heavily on minerals, oil, natural gas and agriculture, while development is constrained by rugged terrain, weak infrastructure and social challenges.
  • 三、3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is a process that creates a three-dimensional object by building it up layer by layer from a digital design. It can use plastics, resins, metals, ceramics and even biological materials. It enables rapid prototyping, customized medical implants, spare parts and complex geometries that traditional manufacturing cannot easily produce. Its limitations include slow mass production, high material costs, size constraints and variable quality.
  • 四、Volodymyr Zelenskyy is the president of Ukraine. A former comedian and actor, he won the 2019 presidential election on an anti-corruption, reformist platform. After Russia's full-scale invasion in February 2022, he became an internationally visible wartime leader, rallying domestic morale and appealing to foreign governments and parliaments for military, financial and humanitarian support. His leadership has been widely praised, though his governance and reform record remain debated.
  • 五、The ozone layer is a region of the stratosphere, roughly 15 to 35 kilometers above Earth, where ozone gas is relatively concentrated. It absorbs most of the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation, especially UV-B and UV-C, protecting humans, animals and plants. It was damaged by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting substances, but the 1987 Montreal Protocol and its amendments have led to gradual recovery.
  • 六、A hurricane is a powerful tropical cyclone that forms over warm ocean waters, typically in the North Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico or eastern North Pacific. It has a low-pressure center, strong rotating winds of at least 74 miles per hour, heavy rain and storm surge. Hurricanes are classified from Category 1 to 5 on the Saffir-Simpson scale and can cause catastrophic coastal flooding, wind damage and loss of life. The same type of storm is called a typhoon in the northwest Pacific and a cyclone in the Indian Ocean.

第2題

中譯英：（35分） 根據聯合國數據，印度剛剛超越了中國，成為世界上人口最多的國家。 許多人在問的一個問題就是：印度是否有可能超越中國，進而成為世界超 級大國呢？在經濟規模、地緣政治影響力與軍力三個方面，中國仍然採領 先地位，但專家們認為，這一格局正在改變。2001年諾貝爾經濟學獎得主 認為，印度的時代已然來臨。他告訴BBC：「印度終將能與中國匹配。中 國經濟會放慢，但印度不會。」但儘管有著很大的潛力，印度也面臨了許 多挑戰。中國是世界第二大經濟體，而印度僅排名第五。印度中產階層規 模相對較小，需要下重本投資教育、提升生活水凖、實現性別均等和經濟 改革，方有可能實現「中國式」的爆發增長。要當世界超級大國，光靠人 口和經濟還不夠格，還要看地緣政治與軍事力量，印度在這些方面還望塵 莫及。

參考解答（AI 生成，非官方）

  • According to United Nations data, India has just overtaken China to become the world's most populous country. One question many people are asking is whether India can surpass China and then become a global superpower.
  • In terms of economic size, geopolitical influence and military strength, China still holds the lead, but experts believe that this balance is shifting. A 2001 Nobel laureate in economic sciences believes that India's time has come. He told the BBC: 'India will eventually be able to match China. China's economy will slow down, but India's will not.'
  • Yet despite its great potential, India also faces many challenges. China is the world's second-largest economy, while India ranks only fifth. India's middle class is relatively small, and the country needs to invest heavily in education, raise living standards, achieve gender equality and pursue economic reform before it can achieve 'China-style' explosive growth.
  • To be a global superpower, population and economic strength alone are not enough; geopolitical and military power also matter, and India remains far behind in these areas.

第3題

英譯中：（35分） Capital punishment (death penalty) is the premeditated and planned taking of a human life by a government in response to a crime committed by that legally convicted person. In the past, capital punishment has been practiced by most societies, although currently only 58 nations actively practice it, with 96 countries having abolished it. Although many nations have abolished capital punishment, over 60% of the world’s population lives in countries where executions take place. This is because the People’s Republic of China, India, the United States of America, and Indonesia, which are the four most populous countries in the world, continue to apply the death penalty. Many believe that the death penalty should be abolished for several reasons. Firstly, the death penalty is very expensive to maintain. Most people do not realize that carrying out one death sentence costs 2-5 times more than keeping that same criminal in prison for the rest of his or her life. This expense comes as a result of the seemingly endless appeals, additional required procedures, and legal wrangling involved in the judicial process. Secondly, the death penalty clogs up the court system. The U.S. court system goes to enormous lengths before allowing a death sentence to be carried out. All the necessary appeals, motions, hearings, and briefs monopolize much of the time of judges, attorneys, and other court employees as well as use up courtrooms and facilities. Third, the death penalty is an ineffective deterrent to violent crime. Life in prison is a far more effective deterrent than the death penalty, which, in some cases, actually represents an act of clemency for the criminal. With a death sentence, the suffering is over in an instant. With life in prison, however, the pain goes on for decades. Prisoners are confined to a cage, living in an environment of rape and violence where they are treated as animals.

參考解答（AI 生成，非官方）

  • 死刑（capital punishment，又稱 death penalty）是指政府針對經合法定罪者所犯的罪行，蓄意且有計畫地剝奪其生命。過去，多數社會都曾施行死刑；時至今日，僅有58個國家仍實際執行死刑，另有96個國家已廢除死刑。
  • 儘管許多國家已廢除死刑，全球仍有超過六成人口居住在會執行死刑的國家。這是因為中華人民共和國、印度、美國與印尼這四個世界上人口最多的國家，仍繼續適用死刑。
  • 許多人認為，基於若干理由，死刑應該廢除。第一，維持死刑的成本非常高昂。大多數人並未意識到，執行一件死刑判決的成本，是將同一名罪犯終身監禁至死的二至五倍。這項支出源自司法過程中看似永無止境的上訴、額外規定的程序以及法律上的爭訟。第二，死刑使法院系統不堪負荷。美國法院在准許執行死刑之前，往往大費周章、層層把關。所有必要的上訴、聲請、庭審與書狀，占用了法官、律師及其他法院人員的大量時間，也耗盡了法庭與相關設施。
  • 第三，死刑對暴力犯罪並非有效的嚇阻手段。終身監禁的嚇阻效果遠比死刑強大；在某些情況下，死刑反而形同對罪犯的寬赦。判處死刑，痛苦在瞬間結束；判處終身監禁，痛苦卻延續數十年。囚犯被關在牢籠裡，生活在強暴與暴力橫行的環境中，被當成動物一般對待。